空化是影响液压系统动态特性的重要因素,为此开展了轴向柱塞泵低压环境下的工况研究。考虑气液两相混合油液的密度、体积弹性模量和黏度的影响,限制入口油腔的最低压力,建立轴向柱塞泵的压力流量模型,计算获得轴向柱塞泵在不同工况下的流量特性,并通过试验验证。研究表明:负载增大导致更严重的空化以及泄漏,并使容积效率降低;轴向柱塞泵在达到临界流量之后,转速提升只会加剧空化,而不能提升流量;最大容积效率出现在临界流量产生之前。为轴向柱塞泵低气压性能预测提供了理论支撑。
Abstract
Cavitation is an important factor affecting the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic system. Therefore, the operation performance of the axial piston pump at low suction pressure was studied. Considering the influence of density, bulk modulus and viscosity of gas-liquid two-phase mixed oil, and limited the minimum pressure of the suction chamber, the fluid dynamic model of axial piston pump is developed. The flow characteristics of axial piston pump of different working conditions are calculated and verified by experiments. The results show that the increase of load leads to more serious cavitation and leakage, and reduces the volumetric efficiency. When the axial piston pump reaches the critical flow rate, the increase of operating speed will only aggravate cavitation, but not increase the flow rate. The maximum volumetric efficiency occurs before the critical flow. This study provides theoretical support for the prediction of performance of axial piston pump at low suction pressure.
关键词
轴向柱塞泵 ;
流量特性 ;
空化 ;
临界流 ;
最高转速
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Key words
axial piston pump ;
flow characteristics ;
cavitation ;
critical flow ;
maximum operating speed
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