超声波泄漏检测定位系统因其精度高、实时性强等特性得到广泛应用。常见的超声波定位算法主要包括到达时间差定位算法与能量衰减定位算法，但两种算法本身的定位精度均不是特别的高。采用基于扩展Kalman滤波的数据融合方法，将TDOA定位法和ED定位法的计算结果进行特征提取并联合得出系统观测值，融合计算出泄漏点与各换能器之间的距离，最终通过几何方法计算出泄漏点的三维坐标。通过实验证明了该算法与传统算法相比，精度更高，结果误差小于20 mm。
Abstract
An ultrasonic leakage detection and location system has good application prospects because of its high precision, real-time and other features. Ultrasonic location algorithms that are commonly used include the time-difference location algorithm (TDOA) and the energy decay location algorithm (ED). However, positioning accuracy of those algorithms is not high enough. We adopt the data fusion method based on extended Kalman filtering, and transform the arrival time difference of the TDOA location method into distance difference, and also transform the sound pressure ratio of the ED location method into arrival distance ratio by feature attraction. The distance between leak hole and each transducer is calculated through geometrical method, and the corresponding projection coordinate is obtained. It is verified by experiments that compared with traditional positioning algorithms, the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy and its error is lower than 20 mm.
关键词
超声波;泄漏检测;泄漏定位;Kalman滤波;数据融合
{{custom_keyword}} ;
Key words
ultrasonic wave, leakage detection, leakage location, Kalman filtering, data fusion
{{custom_keyword}} ;
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
［1］YIGIT M, KADIR T. Remote Leak Detection for Underwater Natural Gas Pipelines［C］// Signal Processing & Commu-nications Applications Conference. IEEE, 2017.
［2］BOLOTINA I, BORIKOV V, IVANOVA V, et al. Application of Phased Antenna Arrays for Pipeline Leak Detection ［J］. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2018,161:497-505.
［3］王涛,王东颖,范伟.气体泄漏检测新方法的研究进展［J］.液压与气动,2015,(10):1-11.
WANG Tao, WANG Dongying, FAN Wei. Research Pro-gress of New Methods for Gas Leakage Detection ［J］. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2015,(10):1-11.
［4］KAEWKONGKA T. Leak Detection and Localization Using Acoustic Emission Technique ［J］. Engineering Solid Mec-hanics, 2016:17-24.
［5］MURVAY P S, SILEA I. A Survey on Gas Leak Detection and Localization Techniques ［J］. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2012,25(6):966-973.
［6］LIGHTHILL M J. Wave in Fluids［M］. Cambridge University Press, 1978.
［7］PTER B, YAM Y. Passive Location Using TDOA Measure-ments from Compass Satellite Illuminators ［J］. Asian Journal of Control, 2015,17(2):722-728.
［8］MENG W, XIE L, XIAO W. Optimal TDOA Sensor-pair Placement with Uncertainty in Source Location ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2016,65(11):
9260-9271.
［9］YANG L, CAO J, YANG W. TDOA Location Based on Modified Newton Method［C］// IEEE International Con-ference on Signal Processing. IEEE, 2017.
［10］邓慧君.基于声音能量强度的无线传感器网络目标定位研究［D］.北京:北京邮电大学,2014.
DENG Huijun. Target Location in Wireless Sensor Net-works Based on Sound Energy Intensity ［D］. Beijing: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2014.
［11］吴晓平,陆炳斌,沈浩.基于RSSI定位模型的非视距关系识别方法［J］.传感技术学报,2013,(11):1584-1589.
WU Xiaoping, LU Bingbin, SHEN Hao. Non-line of Sight Relationship Recognition Method Based on RSSI Positioning Model ［J］. Journal of Sensing Technology, 2013,(11):1584-1589.
［12］朱翠.具有非完整信息系统的滤波和数据融合算法研究［D］.北京:北京理工大学,2014.
ZHU Cui. Research on Filtering and Data Fusion Algori-thms with Incomplete Information Systems ［D］. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology, 2014.
［13］JIANG W, XIE C, ZHUANG M, et al. Sensor Data Fusion with Z-numbers and Its Application in Fault Diagnosis ［J］. Sensors, 2016,16(9):1509.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
PDF(1778 KB)
